China 1 km Monthly Multiscale SPEI Dataset over Mainland China (1979-2018)

This dataset provides monthly gridded Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) data over mainland China at 1 km spatial resolution for five timescales: SPEI-1, SPEI-3, SPEI-6, SPEI-12, and SPEI-24. The product was reconstructed using station-month SPEI observations derived from 427 meteorological stations, together with multi-source environmental predictors including monthly climate forcing variables, topographic factors, and soil properties. The released product is distributed as GeoTIFF grids and is intended to support drought monitoring, climate impact assessment, hydroclimatic analysis, and spatially explicit environmental studies across China.