JV Breeding KIRA (Pxl)

Joint Ventures (JVs) are bird conservation partnerships, established to achieve the goals of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP). There are 22 bird habitat JVs in North America, and our JV, the Upper Mississippi/Great Lakes Region Joint Venture (UMGL JV) is located in the Midwest, in a pivotal location in the Mississippi Flyway, for people involved in migratory bird conservation. We are a collaborative, regional group of government agencies, tribes, nonprofit organizations, corporations, universities, and individuals that conserve habitat for the benefit of migratory birds, other wildlife, and people. Our landscape includes eastern Minnesota; all of Wisconsin and Michigan; eastern Nebraska and Kansas; western, southern and eastern Iowa; northern Missouri, Illinois and Indiana; and northwestern Ohio. Targeting conservation to achieve biological objectives for Waterbirds and social objectives for People is a priority for JVs. King Rail (KIRA; Rallus elegans) is one of UMGL JV's focal waterbird species. We produced a spatial model (this raster dataset) of Predicted Habitat Suitability for KIRA in the JV region and surrounding areas during the breeding period to help achieve this goal. We published its map in the JV Waterbird Habitat Conservation Strategy – 2018 Revision (Appendix A). In this model, we used occurrence data from various sources collected over multiple years during the months of May–July: eBird (2007–2016) and Great Lakes Marsh Monitoring Program (2005–2016). Land cover type attributes associated with KIRA were categorized using the National Wetland Inventory (NWI) spatial data from areas surrounding (≤200 m) occurrence points recorded during the breeding period. Spatial data were considered at the NWI System, Class, Subclass, and Modifier levels but were eventually compressed and simplified to wetland system and class. Habitat suitability for waterbirds relates to key cover types and their juxtaposition. A Landscape Suitability Index (LSI) was established based on results of the NWI analysis for occurrence locations, species-specific habitat literature, and expert opinion. Habitat within the LSI is weighted from 1 (most suitable) to 0.2 (least suitable). Wetlands with predicted highest suitability for breeding (top two habitat categories in the LSI table) were extracted from the NWI. Using kernel density analysis, relative density and distribution of the most suitable habitats for KIRA during the breeding peroid were depicted across the JV region and surrounding areas. Finally, we converted kernel density raster dataset to TIFF format (this product) to improve data visualization, assessment, and interactivity online. This raster showed the distribution and relative density (scale of 0 – 1; values of low – high) of the most valuable areas (pixel neighborhoods) across the JV region, to acquire or manage whatever the required action at the local scale is (i.e., retention, protection, and or restoration). Aggregate-priority-areas were predicted to produce the most value for the decision makers. These hotspots were mainly prioritized using relative density of breeding habitats for KIRA. Areas other than the hotspots represents lower breeding habitat occurrence densities. For more details, please see KIRA account in Appendix A of the 2018 JV Waterbird Habitat Conservation Strategy. We designed a flexible and adaptable analysis framework, and all focal species models (including this one) can be scaled-down (i.e., stepped-down to state, watershed, county, or any smaller target area) and supplemented with additional local data such as soil types, current land use, hydrologic aspects, and other environmental priorities for customized output maps depicting best areas for KIRA habitat restoration vs. retention vs. enhancement. See the JV website and publications for details. Links: To download this TIFF dataset and related data, metadata, and documentation, please browse the UMGL JV online folder in the U.S. Geological Survey's ScienceBase repository. To view and explore this TIFF dataset and related data, please visit the online experience of the UMGL JV Decision Support Tools. References: Model codes and final steps (for internal use of UMGLJV staff): (i) Kira_AgsJvwEbd0716Mnth5to7SumMmp0516SumSum_Bfr660ft_WbdHu10Final_Nwi16L2EMallPEM125allREMallRptsWetSzGrt20hKd1Km19KmR_FinalModelV2 = albers_Jv18BrdYsPrdct_KIRA. (ii) albers_Jv18BrdYsPrdct_KIRA → converted to TIFF and projected on-the-fly to WGS84 → renamed to Jv18BrdYsPrdct_KIRA_R. For internal use of USFWS staff: Data Management Plan (DMP) ID = 679; Title: UMGL JV - King Rail - Predicted Breeding Habitat Suitability.联合创业计划（Joint Ventures, JVs）是为实现北美水禽管理计划（North American Waterfowl Management Plan, NAWMP）目标而设立的鸟类保护合作项目。北美现有22个鸟类栖息地联合创业计划，本单位的联合创业计划为上密西西比河/五大湖地区联合创业计划（Upper Mississippi/Great Lakes Region Joint Venture, UMGL JV），该计划坐落于美国中西部，处于密西西比迁徙路线的关键位置，服务于涉候鸟保护的相关人员。 我们是一个协作性的区域性组织，成员涵盖政府机构、原住民部落、非营利组织、企业、高校及个人，致力于保护栖息地以惠及候鸟、其他野生生物及人类。本计划覆盖的区域包括明尼苏达州东部、威斯康星州全域、密歇根州全域、内布拉斯加州东部、堪萨斯州东部、艾奥瓦州西部、南部及东部、密苏里州北部、伊利诺伊州、印第安纳州以及俄亥俄州西北部。 联合创业计划的核心优先级为，开展保护工作以实现水禽的生物学目标及惠及民众的社会目标。王秧鸡（King Rail, KIRA; Rallus elegans）是UMGL JV的重点水鸟物种之一。为助力该目标的达成，我们针对本计划覆盖区域及周边区域的繁殖期王秧鸡生境适宜性开展空间建模，产出本栅格数据集。该模型的相关地图已发表于《联合创业计划水鸟栖息地保护战略——2018年修订版》（附录A）中。 本模型采用了多年收集于5月至7月繁殖期的多源观测数据，包括eBird（2007-2016年）及五大湖湿地监测项目（Great Lakes Marsh Monitoring Program, 2005-2016年）的数据。我们利用繁殖期观测点周边≤200米范围内的国家湿地清单（National Wetland Inventory, NWI）空间数据，对与王秧鸡相关的土地覆盖类型属性进行分类。本研究最初考虑了NWI的系统、类型、亚类及修饰符层级的空间数据，但最终将其压缩简化为湿地系统与类型两个层级。 水鸟的生境适宜性与关键覆盖类型及其空间配置关系密切。研究基于观测点的NWI分析结果、物种专属生境文献及专家意见，构建了景观适宜性指数（Landscape Suitability Index, LSI）。该指数下的生境权重区间为1（最适宜）至0.2（最不适宜）。我们从NWI数据中提取了繁殖期适宜性预测最高的两类湿地（即LSI表格中的前两大生境类别）。 通过核密度分析，我们对本计划覆盖区域及周边区域内王秧鸡繁殖期最适宜生境的相对密度与分布格局进行了可视化呈现。最终，我们将核密度分析栅格数据集转换为TIFF格式（即本数据集产品），以提升数据可视化、评估及在线交互性。该栅格数据展示了本计划覆盖区域内最具价值的区域（像素邻域）的分布与相对密度（数值区间0-1，代表密度从低到高），可用于支撑本地尺度下的各类保护行动（如保留、保护或修复）。 研究预测出的综合优先区域可为决策者带来最高的保护效益。这些保护热点区域的优先级主要基于王秧鸡繁殖期生境的相对密度确定。热点区域以外的区域，其王秧鸡繁殖期生境观测密度相对较低。如需了解更多细节，请参阅《2018年联合创业计划水鸟栖息地保护战略》附录A中的王秧鸡相关章节。 我们构建了灵活可适配的分析框架，所有重点物种的建模工作（包括本模型）均可进行尺度缩减（即缩小至州、流域、县域或任意更小的目标区域），并可补充土壤类型、当前土地利用、水文条件及其他环境优先级等本地数据，从而生成定制化输出地图，用于标识王秧鸡生境修复、保留与增强的最优区域。如需了解更多细节，请参阅本联合创业计划的官方网站及相关出版物。相关链接如下： 1. 如需下载本TIFF数据集及相关数据、元数据与文档，请浏览美国地质调查局ScienceBase知识库中的UMGL JV在线文件夹。 2. 如需查看并探索本TIFF数据集及相关数据，请访问UMGL JV决策支持工具的在线交互平台。 参考文献： 模型代码与最终步骤（仅供UMGL JV内部人员使用）： (i) Kira_AgsJvwEbd0716Mnth5to7SumMmp0516SumSum_Bfr660ft_WbdHu10Final_Nwi16L2EMallPEM125allREMallRptsWetSzGrt20hKd1Km19KmR_FinalModelV2 = albers_Jv18BrdYsPrdct_KIRA。 (ii) albers_Jv18BrdYsPrdct_KIRA → 转换为TIFF格式并实时投影至WGS84坐标系 → 重命名为Jv18BrdYsPrdct_KIRA_R。 供美国鱼类及野生动物管理局（U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, USFWS）内部人员使用：数据管理计划（Data Management Plan, DMP）编号=679；标题：UMGL JV - 王秧鸡 - 繁殖期生境适宜性预测。