Supplementary file 1_Unveiling the therapeutic profile of pomiferin: a meta-analysis of cytotoxicity and oxidative stress modulation in preclinical models.docx

ObjectivePomiferin, a prenylated isoflavonoid from Maclura pomifera, shows anticancer and antioxidant potential. However, data vary across cell lines and models. This meta-analysis aims to quantify its IC50 in different cancer types and systematically synthesise its effects on oxidative stress biomarkers, thereby establishing a quantitative synthesis for its therapeutic profile.
MethodsA systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. A “mean-only” approach was used to manage within-study dependency and inconsistent variance reporting. Data were analysed with multilevel random-effects models and Cluster-Robust Variance Estimation (CR2).
ResultsThe pooled geometric mean IC50 for Pomiferin was 12.6 μM (logIC50 = 2.53). Meta-regression showed that efficacy varied by tumour type, with Glioma/neurological models having higher IC50 values (lower efficacy) than others (p = 0.012). Pomiferin increased Catalase activity (p = 0.044) and protein levels (p = 0.033). No statistically significant difference in efficacy was detected between in vitro and in vivo models (p = 0.190); however, current data limitations preclude establishing definitive biological equivalence.
ConclusionThis meta-analysis demonstrates that Pomiferin is a context-dependent agent that modulates enzymatic defences, such as CAT, confirming its potential as a therapeutic candidate. It highlights the efficacy limits in resistant types, such as Glioma, and provides a quantitative basis for future research. This study consolidates diverse findings into a robust evidence base, serving as the first comprehensive meta-analysis of Pomiferin’s biological activity and guiding future studies.