Dataset for: Typhoon-Driven Disproportionate Methane Pulses from Urban Estuaries

This dataset provides an ultrahigh-resolution spatial monitoring record of water quality and dissolved greenhouse gases, comprising 22,536 in situ observations. Data were collected in the Dasha River Estuary (Shenzhen, China) between June 12 and June 19, 2025, capturing the pre-, during-, and post-phases of Typhoon Wutip (International ID: 2501).The measurements were acquired using a custom vector-thrusted underwater drone equipped with synchronized biogeochemical sensors. The dataset includes continuous measurements of dissolved CH4 and CO2 (quantified via submersible NDIR sensors), alongside Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity, turbidity, fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM), and temperature. All data points are geospatially registered via an ultra-short baseline (USBL) acoustic positioning unit.This dataset supports the findings presented in the manuscript "Typhoon-Driven Disproportionate Methane Pulses from Urban Estuaries".