Advancements in Neurodegenerative Therapy: Developing and Optimizing a Polymeric Nanoparticles-Loaded Gel for Nasal Delivery of Anti-Alzheimer Drugs

ABSTRACT
Background: Polyphenols, a class of naturally occurring compounds, are recognized for their diverse biological activities, with a notable focus on their anti-neurodegenerative properties. Curcumin and gallic acid, prominent polyphenols, have demonstrated effectiveness as anti-Alzheimer agents.
Objective: The aim of this research is to develop a herbal gel for the nasal delivery of an anti-Alzheimer drug. The strategy involves formulating nanoparticles of curcumin and gallic acid using the coacervation technique to enhance solubility, permeability, and bioavailability via nasal administration.
Method: A pH-dependent gel based on Carbopol 934 and Carbopol 940 was formulated, incorporating nanoparticles of curcumin and gallic acid. The formulated gel underwent thorough evaluation, including assessments for drug content, entrapment efficacy, XRD, FTIR, viscosity, particle size analysis, zeta potential, DSC, and polarized microscopy.
Results: The developed formulation exhibited positive results in terms of drug content, entrapment efficacy, and various physicochemical characteristics. Stability studies over a three-month period were conducted to ensure the robustness and longevity of the optimized formulation.
Conclusion: This research presents a significant advancement in the utilization of polyphenols, particularly curcumin and gallic acid, for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The nasal delivery system, incorporating nanoparticles in a herbal gel matrix, offers enhanced solubility and bioavailability, contributing to the potential efficacy of anti-Alzheimer drugs. The findings pave the way for further exploration and application of polyphenols in neurodegenerative disease therapeutics