Effects of carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and oxygen nanobubbles on soil microbial community

Nanobubbles (NBs) in water have been shown to improve plant growth and seed germination, potentially reducing both water and fertilizer consumption. To unravel the mechanisms underlying the positive impacts of NBs on plant growth, this study examined the microbial community composition and diversity of soil exposed to different NB types including carbon dioxide (CNB), hydrogen (HNB), and oxygen (ONB) over a period of 4 weeks. The V4 region of the microbial 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced on the Illumina Miseq platform.