Transcriptomic reveal the responses of tomato for parasitic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play an important role in sustainable agriculture, because they may provide many benefits for plants. However, negative plant responses is not infrequent. In this study, compared with non-inoculated AM fungus (CK), inoculated Funneliformis mosseae (FM) and inoculated Rhizophagus intraradices (RI) all depressed the growth of tomatoes from morphology. Little information elaborate the effects of AM fungi lied in negative status for hosts at the molecular level. Transcriptomic technique was used to reveal the molecular mechanism. The results showed that 190 DEGs and 870 DEGs were screened in FM vs. CK and RI vs. CK, respectively. The enrichment analysis of 190 DEGs showed that Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, Flavonoid biosynthesis, Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis and Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis pathways were significantly enriched in KEGG database. DNA replication, Photosynthesis - antenna proteins, Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis, Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and Glycerophospholipid metabolism were significantly enriched pathways with 870 DEGs. Based on the GO analysis, many DEGs allocated into Response to stimulate term in two group DEGs. Moreover, many enriched terms related to response of stimulate or stress, including response to salt stress, response to heat, response to reactive oxygen species. It suggests that AM fungi might trigger resistance mechanisms of hosts, even though AM fungi played a parasitic role. This study will supplement our understanding for AM fungi and warn the action blindly applied AM fungi in agricultural production.