Unraveling hierarchical genetic structure of tea green leafhopper, Matsumurasca onukii, in East Asia based on SSRs and SNPs

Matsumurasca onukii (Matsuda, 1952), one of the dominant pests in major tea production areas in Asia, currently is known to occur in Japan, Vietnam, and China, and severely threatens tea production, quality, and international export trade. To elucidate the population genetic structure of this species, 1633 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 18 microsatellite markers (SSRs) were used to genotype samples from 27 sites representing 18 geographical populations distributed throughout the known range of the species in East Asia. Analyses of both SNPs and SSRs showed that M. onukii populations in Yunnan exhibit high genetic differentiation and structure compared to other populations. The Kagoshima (JJ) and Shizuoka (JS) populations from Japan were separated from populations from China by SNPs but clustered with Jinhua (JH), Yingde (YD), Guilin (GL), Fuzhou (FZ), Hainan (HQ), Leshan (CT), Chongqing (CY) and Zunyi (ZY) tea areas in China and the Vietnamese Vinh Phuc (VN) population based...