Characteristics of Indonesian palm oil mills

Version 3.1 of this dataset has been updated to include information about all palm oil mills operating in Indonesia through the end of June 2025. In addition to the geospatial location of mills, the data provide information about mill ownership, production capacity, and establishment year. These data were collected and are maintained by the Conservation Economics Lab (CEL) at the University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB) and Kimberly M. Carlson's Lab at New York University (NYU). The dataset expands upon the Universal Mill List (UML) published in late 2019. The UML was developed as part of a joint effort by a consortium of partners at the World Resources Institute (WRI), Rainforest Alliance, Proforest, Daemeter, Trase, Earthworm Foundation, Auriga, CIFOR, Transitions, UCSB and the University of Hawai’i. Fieldwork needed to collect these data was supported by NASA’s New (Early Career) Investigator Program in Earth Science (NNX16AI20G). Digitization and data cleaning were made possible through collaborations with the Trase Initiative, led by Global Canopy and the Stockholm Environment Institute, and financially supported through grants from Norway’s International Climate and Forest Initiative, the European Commission, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation.