UBU-Polymers Research Group 21032024

This work presents a new polymeric material in the form of a film (FLAC) containing immobilized laccase enzyme
through diazo bonds, designed for the degradation of indigo carmine dye, which is highly toxic and commonly
found in wastewater from the textile industry. The immobilization of the enzyme in the film was characterized by
SEM, FT-IR, DSC, TGA and EDXS. The degradation of the dye by FLAC initiates in the presence of a mediator due
to the high redox potential of the dye. Six natural mediators (ferulic acid, syringaldazine, guaiacol, eugenol,
thymol, and p-coumaric acid) were tested, and complete degradation of the dye was achieved in 180 min, with a
mediator concentration of 1 ppm (syringaldazine) and a dye concentration of 10 ppm. A novelty in this study is
the short exposure time of the dye-mediator solution to FLAC (15 min) which allowed the degradation process to
continue autonomously after the film was removed. Additionally, it was observed that the material was more
effective in the presence of textile washing products, achieving over 99 % degradation in 40 min, surpassing its
efficacy in distilled water. Regarding reusability, the material retained >90 % of its activity after five cycles of
use and washing. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) identified key levers for
techno-economic and environmental viability: shorten cycle time (surfactant media), maximise re-use and percycle
volume/concentration, implement solvent recovery, and energy decarbonization thereby outlining a
roadmap to sustainable scale-up.