Case studies and case series on adverse events associated with bee venom therapy.

AE: adverse event; BVT: bee venom therapy; BSA: bee sting acupuncture; BVA: bee venom acupuncture; SBV: sweet bee venom; HBV: honeybee venom; KMD: Korean medical doctor; MD: Medical doctor; VIT: venom immunotherapy; YJV: yellow jacket venom.
a Venom type: bees (family Apidae); wasps (family Vespidae); mix (bees and wasps).
b AE severity was assessed using Spilker’s criteria: mild, moderate, and severe.
c AE type was classified into 1 of 3 categories: systemic reaction (SR), skin problem (SP), and other.
d Mueller classification: if a systemic reaction occurred as an AE, it was classified into 1 of 5 categories: large local reaction, grade I, grade II, grade III, and grade IV.
e Causality was determined through the WHO-UMC causality scale: certain, probable, possible, unlikely, conditional, and inaccessible.
Case studies and case series on adverse events associated with bee venom therapy.