Neutralization of coagulant activity (Plasma re-calcification time, APTT, and PT assays), and thrombin-like activity of <i>H</i>. <i>hypnale</i> venom by anti-venoms: <i>Hh</i>v was independently pre-incubated with various doses (100–2000 μg/ml) of <i>Hh</i>AV, <i>Ec</i>AV, <i>Dr</i>AV, BhAV, and ViAV for 15 min at room temperature.

In all cases, 20 μg/ml of Hhv alone was considered as 100% coagulant activity and thrombin-like activity. The data is presented as Mean ± SEM (n = 4) and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-tests, ‘**** p <0.0001, *** p <0.001, ** p <0.01, * p <0.05, and ns (not significant) p >0.05. ‘*’ significant compared to the control group (PBS). ‘*’ significant compared to Hhv+ HhAV.