Regulation of cytokines/chemokines by lidocaine in murine exudates

Mice were administered 1 mg zymosan by intraperitoneal injection in the absence or presence of lidocaine. Peritoneal lavages were obtained at 4 h and leukocytes enumerated. Cell-free fluids were collected and amounts of selected pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines determined by multiplexed sandwich ELISA. Results are expressed as ��?��: no change, ���C��: 0�C20% reduction, ���C �C��: 20�C40% reduction, and ���C �C �C��: 40�C60% reduction; and ��+��: 0�C20% increase, ��++��: 20�C40% increase, and ��+++��: 40�C60% increase of selective cytokine in the presence of lidocaine compared to mice injected with zymosan alone. Results represent mean from n = 3�C4. *P��0.05