CPI inflation rate among large economies in Western Europe 2010-2023

Since 2021, the large economies of Western Europe have been experiencing a surge in inflation, with inflation reaching as high as 11.84 percent in Italy during October 2022. During 2023 the rate of inflation in all these economies has fallen significantly, reaching as low as 0.67 percent in Italy and 3.17 percent in Germany. This inflationary episode is understood by economists to have been caused by several factors, notably the supply chain issues during the COVID-19 pandemic, pent-up consumer demand which was released after lockdowns ended, as well as policies of monetary and fiscal stimulus during the pandemic aimed at boosting economic activity.

自2021年以来，西欧主要经济体经历了通货膨胀的激增，2022年10月，意大利的通货膨胀率高达11.84%。在2023年，这些经济体中的通货膨胀率显著下降，意大利降至0.67%，德国降至3.17%。经济学家认为，这一通货膨胀事件是由多个因素造成的，尤其是COVID-19大流行期间的供应链问题，以及封锁结束后释放的积压消费者需求，还有旨在刺激经济活动的疫情期间的货币和财政刺激政策。