A dataset on the morphological, life-history and ecological traits of cetaceans worldwide

There are 95 cetacean species worldwide, which are one of the most mysterious and threatened species groups among mammals. Throughout their transition from land to water, cetaceans have evolved numerous morphological, life history and ecological traits that make them adaptable to aquatic environments. However, a worldwide comprehensive database of cetacean ecological characteristics has yet to be established. Our study systematically reviews literature and data resources to collect and organize cetacean characteristic data, including 15 morphological parameters, 12 life history parameters related to reproduction, and 12 ecological characteristic data. The completeness of the morphological data is 74%–100%, 28%–89% for the life history data, and 53%–100% for the ecological data. This dataset provides important foundational information for research in cetacean ecology, biogeography, and evolutionary biology. It also serves as a significant platform for data sharing and communication in regional and global cetacean conservation biology efforts.