格尔木-那曲、共和-玉树高等级公路沿线冻土工程病害

本数据展示了青藏地区两条高等级公路（青藏公路和共玉高速公路）沿线冻土工程病害的分布情况。两条公路的冻土工程病害主要分布在多年冻土路段，其中青藏公路穿越约545公里多年冻土路段，共玉高速公路穿越约347公里的多年冻土路段。在这些路段中，由于多年冻土退化所导致的不均匀沉降、路面补丁、裂缝等病害最为常见。本数据集基于现场调查和数字化处理获得，现场调查和病害分类遵循《寒区冻土工程》等专著的规范要求，确保数据质量符合相关规范要求。具体的分类标准如下：（1）补丁：补丁是路面局部修补区域，通常由局部损坏或病害修复后形成的。其影响范围通常小于几平方米，修补区域与周围路面存在明显色差或材质差异，且可能略高于或低于周围路面，但对行车影响较小，需要定期检查修补区域是否出现新问题。（2）裂缝：裂缝是路面出现的纵向和横向开裂。裂缝宽度通常小于5 cm，路面出现清晰裂缝，车辆会有稍微颠簸，基本不影响行车安全，轻微裂缝可通过填缝处理，严重裂缝可能需要局部或大面积修复。（3）轻微不均匀沉降：轻微不均匀沉降是路基出现轻微变形或沉降，但对道路使用性能影响较小。沉降或变形幅度一般小于5 cm，影响范围为几米内的局部小范围；路面出现不平整，并有轻微裂缝，但不影响车辆正常通行，可通过简单修补或维护解决。（4）不均匀沉降：不均匀沉降是路基出现明显变形或沉降，对道路使用性能有一定影响。沉降或变形幅度一般在5-10 cm之间，影响范围为几十米内的中等范围；路面出现局部凹陷或隆起的小波浪起伏，并有裂缝，可能导致车辆颠簸或减速，需要局部加固或重新铺设部分路基。（5）严重不均匀沉降：严重不均匀沉降是路基出现严重变形或沉降，对道路使用性能造成显著影响，甚至威胁行车安全。沉降或变形幅度一般大于10 cm，影响范围为上百米或更长的大范围；路面出现深坑或显著隆起的大波浪起伏，并有大面积裂缝，车辆通行困难，颠簸感较强，可能引发交通事故，需要大规模修复或重建路基，工程复杂且成本高。

This dataset presents the distribution of permafrost engineering distresses along two high-grade highways in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: the Qinghai-Tibet Highway and the Gonghe-Yushu Expressway. The permafrost engineering distresses of these two highways are mainly concentrated in permafrost sections. The Qinghai-Tibet Highway traverses approximately 545 kilometers of permafrost sections, while the Gonghe-Yushu Expressway crosses about 347 kilometers of such sections. Among these sections, distresses caused by permafrost degradation, such as uneven settlement, pavement patches and cracks, are the most prevalent.

This dataset is developed based on field surveys and digital processing. The field survey protocols and distress classification follow the specification requirements outlined in monographs such as *Cold Region Permafrost Engineering*, ensuring that the data quality complies with relevant industry standards.

The specific classification criteria are as follows:
(1) Pavement Patch: A pavement patch refers to a locally repaired area on the pavement, typically formed after repairing local pavement damage or distresses. Its affected area is usually less than several square meters. The repaired area exhibits distinct color difference or material disparity compared to the surrounding pavement, and may be slightly higher or lower than the adjacent pavement. It has minimal impact on vehicle traffic, and regular inspections are required to monitor for new issues in the patched area.
(2) Cracks: Cracks refer to longitudinal and transverse cracks appearing on the pavement. The crack width is generally less than 5 cm. Clear cracks on the pavement cause slight vehicle bumping, and basically do not compromise driving safety. Minor cracks can be addressed via joint sealing treatment, while severe cracks may require local or large-scale repairs.
(3) Minor Uneven Settlement: Minor uneven settlement refers to slight deformation or settlement of the subgrade, which has limited impact on road performance. The settlement or deformation amplitude is typically less than 5 cm, with the affected area being a small local range within several meters. The pavement becomes uneven with minor cracks, but does not hinder normal vehicle traffic, and can be resolved through simple repairs or maintenance.
(4) Uneven Settlement: Uneven settlement refers to noticeable deformation or settlement of the subgrade, which has a moderate impact on road performance. The settlement or deformation amplitude ranges between 5 cm and 10 cm, with the affected area being a medium-scale range within tens of meters. Local depressions or small wave-like undulations of uplift appear on the pavement, accompanied by cracks, which may cause vehicle bumping or deceleration, requiring local reinforcement or partial subgrade repair.
(5) Severe Uneven Settlement: Severe uneven settlement refers to severe deformation or settlement of the subgrade, which has a significant impact on road performance and even poses a threat to driving safety. The settlement or deformation amplitude is generally greater than 10 cm, with the affected area being a large-scale range of hundreds of meters or more. Deep pits or large wave-like undulations of prominent uplift appear on the pavement, accompanied by large-area cracks, making vehicle traffic difficult with pronounced bumping, which may lead to traffic accidents. Large-scale repairs or full subgrade reconstruction are required, involving complex engineering and high costs.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集展示了青藏地区两条高等级公路沿线冻土工程病害的分布情况，主要涉及多年冻土路段的不均匀沉降、路面补丁、裂缝等病害。数据基于现场调查和数字化处理获得，时间范围为2023年，共享方式为开放获取。