Summary of 42 variables used to characterize the stability of twelve ecological functions.

‘Obs: Plots’ gives the number of measurements recorded across the reported time extent (temporal observations) and the number of assembled species mixtures in which the variables were measured (experimental plots). Superscript letters next to the time extent indicate whether the temporal dynamics of a variable was predominantly seasonal (s) or inter-annual (i). Each ecological function is represented in a multivariate space by three or four field variables, each variable characterizing a different facet of that function at one level of organization (in capital bold letters). Prior to the analyses, each variable was linearly scaled to remove the effect of measurement units.