Data for: Distinct impact modes of polygenic disposition to dyslexia in the adult brain

Dyslexia is a common and partially heritable condition that impacts reading ability. In a study of up to 35,231 adults, we explored the structural brain correlates of genetic disposition to dyslexia. Individual dyslexia-disposing genetic variants showed distinct patterns of association with brain structure. Independent component analysis revealed various brain networks that each had their own genomic profiles related to dyslexia susceptibility. Circuits involved in motor coordination, vision, and language were implicated. Polygenic scores for eight traits genetically correlated with dyslexia, including cognitive, behavioural, and reading-related psychometric measures, showed partial similarities to dyslexia in terms of brain-wide associations. Notably, the microstructure of the internal capsule was consistently implicated across all of these genetic dispositions, while the lower volume of the motor cortex was more specifically associated with dyslexia genetic disposition alone. These fi..., Experimental DesignUK Biobank data were accessed following approval of application number 16066, P.I. Clyde Francks. UK Biobank is an in-depth investigation of more than 500,000 volunteers in the UK who are assessed for health, lifestyle, genomics, and many other variables (1). Multimodal brain MRI data (2, 3) had also been released for approximately 10% of the individuals when the present study was initiated in 2022 (4). The UK Biobank received ethical approval from the National Research Ethics Service Committee North West-Haydock (reference 11/NW/0382), and all of their procedures were performed in accordance with the World Medical Association guidelines. Written informed consent was provided by all of the enrolled participants. Genotyping has been performed using either BiLEVE Axiom or Axiom arrays from Affymetrix, which target highly overlapping sets of ~800,000 genomic variants with more than 95% similarity (5). The UK Biobank has also released common genome-wide variants imputed t..., , # Data for: Distinct impact modes of polygenic disposition to dyslexia in the adult brain

Access this dataset on Dryad: [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.80gb5mkz6](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.80gb5mkz6)

## **Descriptions**

This dataset was generated as part of a research study and consists solely of group-level statistics. It does not include any individual-level information, such as individual brain scans or genetic data. The underlying UK Biobank data, which were used to generate these statistical maps, were collected with ethical approval from the National Research Ethics Service Committee North West-Haydock (reference: 11/NW/0382). All procedures adhered to the guidelines of the World Medical Association guidelines. Access to the UK Biobank data was granted following approval by the UK Biobank core (application number 16066, P.I. Clyde Francks). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their data have been accessed following de-identification.

The dataset ...