School Neighborhood Poverty Estimates, 2015-16

The 2015-2016 School Neighborhood Poverty Estimates are based on school locations from the 2015-2016 Common Core of Data (CCD) school file and income data from families with children ages 5 to 17 in the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2012-2016 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year collection. The ACS is a continuous household survey that collects social, demographic, economic, and housing information from the population in the United States each month. The Census Bureau calculates the income-to-poverty ratio (IPR) based on money income reported for families relative to the poverty thresholds, which are determined based on the family size and structure. Noncash benefits (such as food stamps and housing subsidies) are excluded, as are capital gains and losses. The IPR is the percentage of family income that is above or below the federal poverty level. The IPR indicator ranges from 0 to a top-coded value of 999. A family with income at the poverty threshold has an IPR value of 100. The estimates in this file reflect the IPR for the neighborhoods around schools which may be different from the neighborhood conditions of students enrolled in schools. All information contained in this file is in the public domain. Data users are advised to review NCES program documentation and feature class metadata to understand the limitations and appropriate use of these data.2015-2016年学校周边贫困估计数据，基于2015-2016年通用数据核心（Common Core of Data, CCD）学校文件中的学校位置信息，以及美国人口普查局2012-2016年美国社区调查（American Community Survey, ACS）5年期收集的、针对美国5至17岁儿童家庭的收入数据。美国社区调查（ACS）是一项持续性家庭调查，每月面向美国全体人口收集社会、人口学、经济与住房相关信息。美国人口普查局以家庭申报的货币收入为基础，结合根据家庭规模与结构划定的贫困线阈值，计算收入贫困比（Income-to-Poverty Ratio, IPR）。非现金福利（如食品券、住房补贴）与资本损益均不计入统计范围。收入贫困比（IPR）指家庭收入相对于联邦贫困线的百分比，该指标的取值范围为0至截尾上限值999：当家庭收入恰好等于贫困线时，IPR值为100。本文件中的估计值反映的是学校周边区域的贫困状况，该状况可能与在校学生所属社区的实际情况存在差异。本文件包含的所有信息均属于公共领域。建议数据使用者查阅美国国家教育统计中心（National Center for Education Statistics, NCES）的项目文档与要素类元数据，以了解此类数据的局限性与合理使用方式。