Measured and simulated soil volumetric water content across different methods in year 2022 and 2023

During the periods from June to November 2022 and from April to September 2023, deficit irrigation experiments were conducted to establish distinct soil water gradients. The soil moisture dynamics within root zone during dehumidification process at tomato mature stage were simulated via the Hydrus-1D model. Soil hydraulic parameters (θs, θr, α, and n) employed were different across G1, G2, and G3 methods, while the Hydrus-1D model yielded reasonably accurate results.