Methane removal efficiency and pore gas concentration data from a landfill soil column experiment under cyclic precipitation conditions

This dataset presents results from a controlled laboratory soil column experiment designed to investigate methane (CH₄) consumption efficiency and gas concentration dynamics in landfill cover soil under imposed cyclic precipitation. The study was conducted between November 18 and December 20, 2024, at the Ecohydrology Research Group laboratory, University of Waterloo (Ontario, Canada), as part of a broader project on the Mitigation of Methane Emission Hot-Spots from Municipal Landfills. We include CH₄ removal efficiency (MRE) data and CH₄ and CO₂ fluxes measured from three soil columns over time, including inflow/outflow rates, gas concentrations in the headspace, and computed flux values. In addition, we provide depth-specific gas concentration profiles (CH₄, CO₂, O₂) within the soil columns across multiple timepoints and depths, supporting analysis of vertical gas gradients under variable saturation conditions. We analyzed gas samples using a GC-2014 Shimadzu Gas Chromatograph with a flame ionization detector and methanizer, and calculated CH₄ removal by comparing inflow and outflow fluxes. The dataset enables investigations into landfill soil biogeochemistry, gas transport processes, and the effects of precipitation cycling on methane oxidation potential.