Single Cell RNAseq DGE tables for Fetal and Postnatal Dataset from Smith et al, 2021. PNAS

To gain cell-biological insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of prenatal <em>ATP1A3</em> expression, we established a transcriptional atlas of <em>ATP1A3</em> expression during cortical development using mRNA <em>in situ</em> hybridization and transcriptomic profiling of ~125,000 individual cells with single-cell RNA sequencing (Drop-Seq) from various areas of the midgestational human neocortex. We find that fetal expression of <em>ATP1A3</em> is restricted to a subset of excitatory neurons carrying transcriptional signatures of neuronal activity and maturation characteristic of the developing subplate. Furthermore, by performing Drop-Seq on ~52,000 nuclei from four different areas of an infant human neocortex, we show that <em>ATP1A3</em> expression persists throughout early postnatal development, not only within excitatory neurons across all cortical layers, but also and more predominantly in inhibitory neurons, with specific enrichment in fast-spiking basket cells. In addition, we show that <em>ATP1A3</em> expression, both in fetal and postnatal neurons, tends to be higher in frontal cortical areas than in occipital areas, in a pattern consistent with the rostro-caudal maturation gradient of the human neocortex.