Diversity in chronic hand eczema clinical trial enrollment: a systematic review

We conducted a systematic review of CHE RCTs in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261358461) to evaluate the representation of sex, race, and ethnicity across CHE trials. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for RCTs published between January 2000 and February 2026. Table S1 shows our search strategy. A total of 1,270 records were identified, of which 20 RCTs met inclusion criteria. Figure S1 demonstrates the flow diagram of how we narrowed down our included studies. Table S2 shows the overall study characteristics of included RCTs. Although female enrollment was broadly representative of the general population, racial and ethnic minority groups remain substantially underrepresented and underreported, limiting the generalizability of current CHE trial evidence to the populations most affected.