Impact of Financial Crises on Food Security in Pakistan SCM

Data Sources Data used in this study is secondary data sourced from FAO, World Bank, IMF, and national statistics databases, for periodic selection of pre-crisis, crisis, and post-crisis phases. To construct a country-specific Food Price Index, we employed a normalized composite index approach, aggregating three key indicators: (1) the FAO Food Price Index (PI), (2) the Food Production Index (FPI), and (3) the inverse of Food Supply Per Capita (FSPC). Each variable is first normalized to ensure comparability, and then combined using an equal-weighted arithmetic mean. The inverse transformation of food supply is applied to capture its inverse relationship with food price dynamics. This methodology is consistent with composite index construction techniques used in economic and food security studies, which followed recent applications of the normalized composite index approach in food systems research (Hoehn et al., 2021).