TECHNIQUES FOR MANAGING DIFFICULT ROOT CANALS IN ENDODONTIC PRACTICE

Difficult root canals represent one of the most challenging aspects of endodontic treatment due to their complex anatomy, calcification, curvature, or previous inadequate therapy. Successful management requires advanced clinical skills and the use of modern technologies such as dental microscopes, ultrasonic instruments, and flexible nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) files. The aim of this article is to review modern approaches and techniques used in the treatment of difficult root canals. Special attention is given to the use of EDTA, ultrasonic systems, step-back preparation technique, and advanced visualization tools. Proper management of difficult canals significantly improves treatment success and helps preserve natural teeth.