Data from: Dual transcranial electromagnetic stimulation of the precuneus boosts human long-term memory

Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have the potential to improve
memory functions. However, the results so far have been relatively modest
and time-consuming. Here, we implemented a novel 3-minute combination of
personalized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (intermittent
theta burst-iTBS) coupled with simultaneous application of gamma
transcranial alternating current stimulation (γtACS) over the precuneus, a
brain area connected to the hippocampus, to modulate long-term memory in
healthy subjects. Only dual electromagnetic stimulation of the precuneus
produced an increase in long-term associative memory as compared to iTBS
alone and sham conditions in a sample of healthy volunteers. The effects
were replicated in another independent sample, in which the increased
associative memory was retained for up to one week. Moreover, dual
stimulation increased gamma oscillations and functional connectivity
between the precuneus and hippocampus through the white matter tracts that
link the precuneus to the temporal lobe. These findings suggest that dual
stimulation may lead to neuronal assemblies in a state favorable for
enhancing long-term plasticity. Personalized dual electromagnetic
stimulation of the precuneus may represent a new powerful approach for
enhancing memory functions in several healthy and clinical conditions.