Data from: Weather extremes in the Mediterranean winter are associated with reduced apparent survival and delayed initiation of egg-laying in a migratory raptor

Climate change increases the frequency of extreme weather events, to which
migratory raptors are particularly vulnerable. We monitored a population
of Eurasian Kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) breeding in nest boxes in western
Finland (approx. 63°N, 23°E) and applied a capture–mark–recapture scheme
to adults encountered at nests from 1985 to 2013 to examine how
environmental conditions affect their apparent survival. We included
density data of their primary prey (voles), collected during the early
breeding season within the study area, as a predictor of annual survival.
We also recorded the initiation dates of egg laying from 1985 to 2018 to
test whether variables representing winter weather conditions predict
laying phenology, with prey density included as a covariate. We found that
both frequent and infrequent winter rain were associated with reduced
apparent survival, and that vole abundance in the breeding area was
negatively correlated with apparent survival. Additionally, we found that
frequent precipitation in the wintering grounds led to delayed laying the
following spring in years of low vole abundance.