Supplementary Materials: Efficacy of ruxolitinib cream at different body sites in Chinese patients with nonsegmental vitiligo

Background: Despite emerging evidence supporting topical JAK inhibitors for vitiligo, population-specific efficacy and patterns remain underexplored.
Objective: To evaluate the anatomic variation in treatment response to 1.5% ruxolitinib cream among Chinese patients with nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV).
Methods: In this 24-week observational study, 461 NSV patients applied ruxolitinib cream twice daily. The primary endpoint was achieving VASI50 (Vitiligo Area Scoring Index 50) across seven anatomic regions. Secondary outcomes included safety profiles and analyses of clinical subgroups, such as disease duration.
Results: Facial lesions showed a superior response, with 64.1% of patients achieving VASI50, followed by head/neck (44.5%). Distal extremities exhibited limited efficacy (hands: 15.4%; feet: 7.9%). Adverse events occurred in 11.9% of patients, predominantly mild application-site reactions. Disease duration may influence treatment efficacy; however, no differences were found in the other clinical subgroups.
Limitations：The study is retrospective and employs a 1-arm observational design without a control group, population exclusively consists of individuals from the Asian Han group and lack of relevant long-term follow-up data.
Conclusion: This real-world evidence confirms significant anatomic heterogeneity in ruxolitinib response, advocating for combination therapies in acral lesions and personalized treatment strategies and to start ruxolitinib cream treatment as early as possible.
Keywords: efficacy, Janus kinase inhibitor,ruxolitinib, safety, vitiligo