Effect of treatment on brain pathology.

PbAus-infected C57Bl/6 mice were administered placebo (5% dextrose), free BMS or nSSL-BMS on days 3, 5, 7, and 9 p.i. Surviving mice were subsequently treated with 2×20 mg/kg/d artemisone on days 16–19 p.i., when parasitemia levels clearly reflected severe anemic malaria. Survival rates on day 13p.i., at the end of the cerebral phase, were 0 in the non-treated group and 11% in the free BMS group, vs. 88% in the nSSL-BMS group. **Survival in the non-treated and free-BMS-treated groups was 0 on day 20 p.i. *Integrated optical density. IOD values of IBA-1 (microglia) or GFAP (astrocytes) in infected non-treated or treated mice were normalized to non-infected mouse values. †p<0.03, non-treated vs. treated mice; ††p<0.001, non-treated vs. treated mice. ‡p<0.01, vs. non-treated and free-BMS-treated mice. ‡‡p = 0.2, free vs. nSSL-BMS.