<p>Multivariable logistic regression analysis results comparing the probability of designer-crossbreed owners using both reward and aversive-based training methods compared to the progenitor purebred owners. *Multivariable modelling also included age of dog, sex of dog, age of owner, owner gender, whether puppy had been seen with the mother on day of pick up, whether owner worked in the canine sector, primary dog ownership, and first-time ownership. Figures in bolds indicate p < 0.05.</p>

Multivariable logistic regression analysis results comparing the probability of designer-crossbreed owners using both reward and aversive-based training methods compared to the progenitor purebred owners. *Multivariable modelling also included age of dog, sex of dog, age of owner, owner gender, whether puppy had been seen with the mother on day of pick up, whether owner worked in the canine sector, primary dog ownership, and first-time ownership. Figures in bolds indicate p < 0.05.