Sentinel-2 data of 27 emperor penguin colonies in East Antarctica

The spreadsheet lists positions of 27 emperor penguin colonies in East Antarctica (Umebosi to Yule Bay) based in Sentinel-2 images. Records are based on all images available throughout the breeding seasons 2018-2023. See https://browser.dataspace.copernicus.eu/
The period covered is 2018-2023.

As a species highly reliant on stable fast ice as a breeding platform, emperor penguins are increasingly challenged in their breeding attempts due to changes in fast ice conditions. We collated habitat information of 27 emperor penguin colonies in East Antarctica (43–167°E) from 2018 to 2023 using European Space Agency Sentinel-2 satellite images. Our objective was to examine the variability in habitat and ice conditions and associated repercussions for colony movements and breeding success. Variables, such as location, colony movement and inter-annual variability in these parameters, were used to assess the adaptability of emperor penguins when local conditions change markedly. The major challenge emperor penguins currently face throughout Antarctica is untimely loss of breeding habitat resulting in increased or complete breeding failure, as observed in 8 colonies at least once during the study. One small colony at the West Ice Shelf lost its breeding area and has not been seen since 2021. The inter-annual movement of some colonies demonstrates the species' adaptability and the need for ongoing monitoring of the global emperor penguin population using satellite imagery. We highlight caveats, such as availability of suitable satellite images and movement of colonies, that need to be accounted for to ensure sound interpretation of the monitoring findings. Ongoing Antarctic-wide monitoring is essential to quantify the impact of changing fast ice conditions on emperor penguins and also the cumulative impacts of other threats such as disease. The information presented is to provide background and empirical data for researchers, policy makers and managers.

本表格汇总了基于哨兵二号（Sentinel-2）影像识别的东南极洲（乌姆博西至尤尔湾）27个帝企鹅（Emperor Penguin）种群的位置。本数据集的记录基于2018-2023年各繁殖季的所有可用影像，覆盖时段为2018年至2023年。相关影像可访问：https://browser.dataspace.copernicus.eu/

帝企鹅作为高度依赖稳定固定冰作为繁殖平台的物种，其繁殖活动正日益受到固定冰环境变化的挑战。本研究借助欧洲空间局（European Space Agency）的哨兵二号（Sentinel-2）卫星影像，汇编了2018至2023年间东南极洲（东经43°–167°）27个帝企鹅种群的栖息地信息。研究旨在探究栖息地与海冰环境的变化特征，以及这些变化对种群移动与繁殖成功率的关联影响。研究通过提取种群位置、种群移动情况及上述参数的年际变化等变量，评估当地环境发生显著改变时帝企鹅的适应能力。当前南极洲全域的帝企鹅面临的主要挑战为繁殖栖息地的非适时流失，这会导致繁殖成功率下降乃至完全失败，本研究期间已有至少8个种群出现过此类情况。西冰架上的一处小型种群于2021年失去了繁殖区域，此后再未被观测到。部分种群的年际移动情况印证了该物种的适应能力，同时也凸显了利用卫星影像持续监测全球帝企鹅种群的必要性。本研究同时指出了监测过程中需考量的注意事项，例如适宜卫星影像的可获取性以及种群的移动情况，以确保对监测结果的严谨解读。持续开展南极洲全域的监测工作，对于量化固定冰环境变化对帝企鹅的影响，以及疾病等其他威胁的累积影响均至关重要。本数据集提供的信息旨在为研究人员、政策制定者及管护人员提供背景资料与实测数据。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供了2018-2023年间东南极洲27个帝企鹅栖息地的Sentinel-2卫星图像数据，用于研究气候变化对栖息地稳定性和企鹅繁殖成功率的影响。数据揭示了栖息地丧失对企鹅种群的威胁，并展示了部分栖息地迁移的适应性行为，强调了卫星监测在保护工作中的重要性。