The challenge of Coccidae (Hemiptera Coccoidea) mitochondrial genomes a case of Saissetia sp. with novel truncated tRNA and gene rearrangements

Here, we reported the complete Saissetia sp. mitogenome (15389 bp) with high A+T content (84.7%) sequenced by next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods. Genes in the mitogenome were annotated, and nine tRNAs were not found using Mitos and tRNAscan-SE. Most of the tRNAs were significantly truncated with atypical secondary structures (DHU-armless or T-armless). The gene arrangement in the Saissetia sp. mitogenome was significantly different from that of other Hemipteran insects and the putative ancestral insect. We constructed Bayesian and Maximum likelihood (ML) trees based on the mitochondrial genes of 25 Hemiptera species. The Saissetia lineage had a long branch similar to Aleyrodoidea in Hemiptera, indicating significant nonsynonymous substitutions or high evolution rates between scale insects and other Hemipteran. We annotated the Coccidae mitogenome in detail for the first time and offer insights into the evolution of scale insects.