ISM Storm Tide Pathways - ConcentrationAreas

The four adjacent Outer Cape communities of Eastham, Truro, Provincetown, and Wellfleet have built an intermunicipal partnership to pursue a regional approach to shoreline management. This partnership promotes short- and long-term science-based decisions that will maximize the effectiveness and efficiency of community responses to the increased threat of coastal hazards. This layer is a product of that partnership, the Intermunicipal Shoreline Management Project, a project first initiated in 2019 with funding from CZM's Coastal Resilience Grant Program. The impacts of coastal inundation have historically confronted coastal managers dealing with vulnerabilities to existing infrastructure and planning for future infrastructure improvements. Occurring on multiple temporal and spatial scales, impacts range from chronic encroachment of tides to the episodic destruction associated with coastal storms and flooding. Using lidar as a base level guide the Center for Coastal Studies accurately mapped areas through which storm tides might pass or ‘storm tide pathways’. These pathways threaten vulnerable areas of the town with inundation of varying depths. The term ‘storm tide’ refers to the rise in water level experienced during a storm event resulting from the combination of storm surge and the astronomical (predicted) tide level. Generally, storm tide pathways, by virtue of their elevation relative to the elevation of the storm tide, provide a direct connection between coastal waters and low lying inland areas. Examples of pathways that may serve as direct hydraulic connections include: low spots in built environment (e.g., roads, walkways) and low spots in natural topography. For more information related to this study see supplemental information. A subset of mapped storm tide pathways are used in this layer to identify ‘storm tide pathway clusters’ or areas with a relatively large number of pathways in a general area. This layer should be used as a qualitative visual representation of where clustering occurs within the ISM planning area. For more information see Borrelli, M., S.T. Mague, T.L. Smith, and B. Legare. 2015. A New Method for Mapping Inundation Pathways to Increase Coastal Resiliency, Provincetown Massachusetts. A report prepared for the Town of Provincetown, Massachusetts. Funded through the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management’s Coastal Resiliency Grant program (FY 2015 RFR ENV 15 CZM 03). June 2015. 29 p. Borrelli, M., S.T. Mague, B. Legare, and T.L. Smith. 2017. Mapping Inundation Pathways to Provide Communities with Real-time Coastal Flood Forecasts: A Pilot Project with the National Weather Service. A report prepared for the Town of Truro, Massachusetts. Funded through the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management’s Coastal Resiliency Grant program (FY17 RFR ENV 17 CZM 03). June 2017. 33 p. Borrelli, M., Mague S.T., Legare, B.J., McCormack, B., McFarland, S.J., Solazzo, D., 2021. Mapping Storm Tide Pathways in Cape Cod Bay. Tech. Rep. presented to the Cape Cod Cooperative Extension: 21-CL-05.p. 73.美国科德角外岸的四个相邻社区——伊斯塔姆（Eastham）、特鲁罗（Truro）、普罗温斯敦（Provincetown）与韦尔弗利特（Wellfleet）——建立了市际合作机制，旨在推行海岸线管理的区域化方案。该合作机制旨在推动基于科学的短期与长期决策，最大化社区应对海岸灾害威胁升级时的响应效率与成效。本图层即为该合作的成果——市际海岸线管理项目（Intermunicipal Shoreline Management Project）的产出，该项目于2019年启动，由海岸区管理局（Coastal Zone Management, CZM）的海岸韧性资助计划（Coastal Resilience Grant Program）提供资金支持。 历史上，海岸淹没影响一直困扰着海岸管理者：他们既要应对现有基础设施的脆弱性问题，又需规划未来的基础设施升级工作。海岸淹没影响存在多种时空尺度，从长期持续的潮汐侵蚀，到沿海风暴与洪水引发的突发性破坏均有涉及。 海岸研究中心（Center for Coastal Studies）以激光雷达（lidar）数据作为基础基准，精准绘制了风暴潮可能经过的区域，即“风暴潮通道（storm tide pathways）”。这些通道会将不同深度的淹没风险传导至城镇的脆弱片区。“风暴潮（storm tide）”指的是风暴事件中，由风暴增水与天文（预报）潮位共同作用导致的水位上升现象。通常而言，风暴潮通道相较于风暴潮水位高程具备特定条件，可成为近岸水域与低洼内陆地区之间的直接水力连通路径。这类直接水力连通通道的实例包括：人工设施（如道路、步道）中的低洼点，以及自然地形中的低洼区域。如需了解本研究的更多相关信息，请参阅补充材料。 本图层选取了部分已绘制的风暴潮通道，用于识别“风暴潮通道集群（storm tide pathway clusters）”，即某一区域内通道数量相对较多的片区。本图层仅用于定性可视化展示市际海岸线管理（Intermunicipal Shoreline Management, ISM）规划区域内的集群分布情况。 如需了解更多信息，请参阅以下文献： 1. Borrelli, M., S.T. Mague, T.L. Smith 与 B. Legare. 2015. 《一种绘制淹没通道以提升海岸韧性的新方法——马萨诸塞州普罗温斯敦》。为马萨诸塞州普罗温斯敦镇编制的报告。由马萨诸塞州海岸区管理办公室的海岸韧性资助计划资助（FY 2015 RFR ENV 15 CZM 03）。2015年6月，共29页。 2. Borrelli, M., S.T. Mague, B. Legare 与 T.L. Smith. 2017. 《绘制淹没通道以助力社区实现实时海岸洪水预报——与美国国家气象局（National Weather Service）合作的试点项目》。为马萨诸塞州特鲁罗镇编制的报告。由马萨诸塞州海岸区管理办公室的海岸韧性资助计划资助（FY17 RFR ENV 17 CZM 03）。2017年6月，共33页。 3. Borrelli, M., Mague S.T., Legare, B.J., McCormack, B., McFarland, S.J., Solazzo, D., 2021. 《科德角湾风暴潮通道绘制》。提交给科德角合作推广机构（Cape Cod Cooperative Extension）的技术报告：21-CL-05。第73页。