Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality, 1992-1994: [Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, and Los Angeles]

The Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality was designed to broaden the understanding of how changing labor market dynamics, racial attitudes and stereotypes, and racial residential segregation act singly and in concert to foster contemporary urban inequality. This data collection comprises data for two surveys: a survey of households and a survey of employers. Multistage area probability sampling of adult residents took place in four metropolitan areas: Atlanta (April 1992-September 1992), Boston (May 1993-November 1994), Detroit (April-September 1992), and Los Angeles (September 1993-August 1994). The combined four-city data file in Part 1 contains data on survey questions that were asked in households in at least two of the four survey cities. Questions on labor market dynamics included industry, hours worked per week, length of time on job, earnings before taxes, size of employer, benefits provided, instances of harassment and discrimination, and searching for work within particular areas of the metropolis in which the respondent resided. Questions covering racial attitudes and attitudes about inequality centered on the attitudes and beliefs that whites, Blacks, Latinos, and Asians hold about one another, including amount of discrimination, perceptions about wealth and intelligence, ability to be self-supporting, ability to speak English, involvement with drugs and gangs, the fairness of job training and educational assistance policies, and the fairness of hiring and promotion preferences. Residential segregation issues were studied through measures of neighborhood quality and satisfaction, and preferences regarding the racial/ethnic mix of neighborhoods. Other topics included residence and housing, neighborhood characteristics, family income structure, networks and social functioning, and interviewer observations. Demographic information on household respondents was also elicited, including length of residence, education, housing status, monthly rent or mortgage payment, marital status, gender, age, race, household composition, citizenship status, language spoken in the home, ability to read and speak English, political affiliation, and religion. The data in Part 2 represent a telephone survey of current business establishments in Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, and Los Angeles carried out between spring 1992 and spring 1995 to learn about hiring and vacancies, particularly for jobs requiring just a high school education. An employer size-weighted, stratified, probability sample (approximately two-thirds of the cases) was drawn from regional employment directories, and a probability sample (the other third of the cases) was drawn from the current or most recent employer reported by respondents to the household survey in Part 1. Employers were queried about characteristics of their firms, including composition of the firm's labor force, vacant positions, the person most recently hired and his or her salary, hours worked per week, educational qualifications, promotions, the firm's recruiting and hiring methods, and demographic information for the respondent, job applicants, the firm's customers, and the firm's labor force, including age, education, race, and gender.

《多城市研究城市不平等》旨在拓展对劳动市场动态、种族态度与刻板印象以及种族居住隔离如何单独或协同作用，以孕育当代城市不平等的深入理解。该数据集包含两项调查的数据：一项是针对家庭的调查，另一项是针对雇主的调查。在四个大都市区进行了多阶段区域概率抽样，以采集成年居民的样本，这些地区包括亚特兰大（1992年4月至1992年9月）、波士顿（1993年5月至1994年11月）、底特律（1992年4月至1992年9月）和洛杉矶（1993年9月至1994年8月）。第一部分包含的四个城市合并数据文件中，包含了在至少两个调查城市家庭中提出的问题。关于劳动市场动态的问题包括行业、每周工作时间、在职时长、税前收入、雇主规模、提供的福利、骚扰和歧视的实例，以及受访者居住的都市特定区域内的求职情况。涵盖种族态度及对不平等态度的问题主要集中在白人、黑人、拉丁裔和亚裔对彼此的态度和信念上，包括歧视程度、对财富和智力的感知、自给自足的能力、英语口语能力、与毒品和帮派的关系、职业培训和教育活动政策的公平性，以及雇佣和晋升偏好的公平性。通过衡量社区质量与满意度以及关于社区种族/民族构成的偏好来研究居住隔离问题。其他主题包括居住和住房、社区特征、家庭收入结构、社会网络和社会功能，以及访谈者的观察记录。还收集了家庭受访者的人口统计信息，包括居住时长、教育程度、住房状况、月租金或抵押贷款支付、婚姻状况、性别、年龄、种族、家庭构成、公民身份状态、家庭使用的语言、阅读和讲英语的能力、政治倾向和宗教信仰。第二部分的数据代表了对亚特兰大、波士顿、底特律和洛杉矶当前商业机构的电话调查，这些调查在1992年春季至1995年春季进行，旨在了解雇佣和空缺情况，特别是对只需高中教育的职位。从地区就业目录中抽取了一个雇主规模加权、分层、概率样本（约三分之二），以及从第一部分家庭调查中受访者报告的当前或最近雇主中抽取了一个概率样本（其余三分之一）。对雇主进行了有关其公司特征的问题调查，包括公司劳动力的构成、空缺职位、最近雇佣的人员及其薪资、每周工作时间、教育资格、晋升、公司的招聘和雇佣方法，以及受访者的个人人口统计信息、求职者、公司客户和公司劳动力的信息，包括年龄、教育程度、种族和性别。