Data from: Seascape genomics provides evidence for thermal adaptation and current-mediated population structure in American lobster (Homarus americanus)

Investigating how environmental features shape the genetic structure of
populations is crucial for understanding how they are potentially adapted
to their habitats, as well as for sound management. In this study, we
assessed the relative importance of spatial distribution, ocean currents
and sea surface temperature (SST) on patterns of putatively neutral and
adaptive genetic variation among American lobster from 19 locations using
population differentiation (PD) approaches combined with environmental
association (EA) analyses. First, PD approaches (using bayescan, arlequin
and outflank) found 28 outlier SNPs putatively under divergent selection
and 9770 neutral SNPs in common. Redundancy analysis revealed that spatial
distribution, ocean current-mediated larval connectivity and SST explained
31.7% of the neutral genetic differentiation, with ocean currents driving
the majority of this relationship (21.0%). After removing the influence of
spatial distribution, no SST were significant for putatively neutral
genetic variation whereas minimum annual SST still had a significant
impact and explained 8.1% of the putatively adaptive genetic variation.
Second, EA analyses (using Pearson correlation tests, bayescenv and lfmm)
jointly identified seven SNPs as candidates for thermal adaptation.
Covariation at these SNPs was assessed with a spatial multivariate
analysis that highlighted a significant temperature association, after
accounting for the influence of spatial distribution. Among the 505
candidate SNPs detected by at least one of the three approaches, we
discovered three polymorphisms located in genes previously shown to play a
role in thermal adaptation. Our results have implications for the
management of the American lobster and provide a foundation on which to
predict how this species will cope with climate change.