Diversification and evolution of Hawaiian Megalagrion damselflies (Pinapinao, Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

Hawaiʻi’s pinapinao (Megalagrion McLachlan) comprises a radiation of 23 endemic damselfly species within Coenagrionidae. Despite being a unique study system for understanding geology’s impacts on evolutionary processes among Odonata, the understanding of these damselflies’ temporal, geographic, and phylogenetic origins remains incomplete. Testing macroevolutionary hypotheses has been hampered by conflicting topologies. To resolve these uncertainties, we performed phylogenetic analyses including divergence time estimation with 90 nuclear loci (>50 kbp) and 2 mitochondrial loci (>1 kbp), sampling representatives from 37 genera within core Coenagrionidae and 90% of Megalagrion species, including multiple island populations. We used ancestral range estimations, diversification analyses, agent-based simulation modeling, and ancestral state reconstruction to infer the group’s origin and biogeography and assess traits’ roles in diversification. Our findings indicate Megalagrion’s ancesto...,
Taxon Sampling
We gathered a total of 56 specimens from all 21 extant species of Megalagrion, plus one undescribed species (Table 1). Specimens were sourced from the personal collection of Steve Jordan, the Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Brigham Young University, and fieldwork following local and state permitting requirements in Hawaiʻi. In addition to having complete sampling across the genus, we wanted to have representatives of each taxon from the different habitats in which they are found. With few exceptions, we obtained one representative of each species of Megalagrion from every major volcano, including multiple volcanoes on the same island, except the island of Hawaiʻi, where we obtained at least one specimen of each species on the island. We acknowledge the subspecies division between M. nigrohamatum nigrohamatum (Blackburn) and M. nigrohamatum nigrolineatum (Perkins) and include specimens from each subspecies. We did not obtain specimens from the two extinct species ..., # Diversification and evolution of Hawaiian Megalagrion damselflies (Pinapinao, Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

## Study Overview

This repository contains data and analysis code for a phylogenomic and biogeographic study of Hawaiian endemic damselflies (*Megalagrion*), investigating evolutionary relationships, inter-island colonization patterns, diversification rates, and trait evolution using target capture sequencing.

## Key Findings

* Phylogenomic analysis of *Megalagrion* species across all main Hawaiian islands
* Biogeographic reconstruction of colonization patterns across the archipelago
* Analysis of diversification rate variation through time
* Ancestral state reconstruction of breeding habitat and gill morphology

## Description of the Data and File Structure

### Missing Data Codes

* **NA** - Not applicable; indicates that a parameter is not part of the specified model (e.g., the Alpha parameter is not estimated in constant-rate models)

### Abbreviations Used

* **AIC** - Akaik...,