Taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships among species of the seasonal, internally inseminating, South American killifish genus Campellolebias (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae), with the description of a new species.

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Wilson J. E. M. Costa (2006): Taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships among species of the seasonal, internally inseminating, South American killifish genus Campellolebias (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae), with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 1227: 31-55, URL: http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EDE15FA8-8DF4-4989-8283-122424B3253FAbstractCampellolebias, a genus of South American annual killifishes, is diagnosed by a unique specialized structure, the pseudogonopodium, on the anterior part of the anal fin in males, which is used for internal insemination; a derived caudal skeleton morphology; an apomorphic color pattern on the ventral portion of the head in males; and a unique courtship behavior pattern in males. Four species are included, all endemic to Brazil’s southern coastal plains: C. dorsimaculatus and C. intermedius n. sp., from the rio Ribeira de Iguape basin, Sao Paulo; C. chrysolineatus, from northern Santa Catarina; and C. brucei, from southern Santa Catarina. A clade comprising C. intermedius, C. chrysolineatus and C. brucei is defined by the pelvic-fin bases medially separated by a short interspace, seven longitudinal rows of iridescent marks on the flank in males, and dark horizontal lines between flank scales on females. A clade comprising C. chrysolineatus and C. brucei is diagnosed by long dorsal, anal and pelvic fins in males.Keywords: Killifishes, Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae, Campellolebias, Neotropica, Atlantic forest, internal insemination, morphology, phylogenetic relationshipsResumoCampellolebias, um genero de peixes anuais sul-americanos, e diagnosticado por uma estrutura especializada exclusiva, o pseudogonopodio, na parte anterior da nadadeira anal em machos, o qual e utilizado para inseminacao interna; uma morfologia derivada de esqueleto caudal; um padrao apomorfico de colorido na porcao ventral da cabeca em machos; e um padrao exclusivo de comportamento de corte em machos. Quatro especies sao incluidas, todas endemicas das planicies costeiras do sul do Brasil: C. dorsimaculatus e C. intermedius n. sp., da bacia do rio Ribeira de Iguape, Sao Paulo; C. chrysolineatus, do norte de Santa Catarina; e C. brucei, do sul de Santa Catarina. Um clado compreendendo C. intermedius, C. chrysolineatus e C. brucei e definido pelas bases das nadadeiras pelvicas medialmente separadas por um curto interespaco, sete fileiras longitudinais de marcas iridescentes no flanco em machos e linhas horizontais escuras entre as escamas do flanco em femeas. Um clado compreendendo C. chrysolineatus e C. brucei e diagnosticado pelas nadadeiras dorsal, anal e pelvicas longas em machos.