Evolved genetic changes after antibiotic treatment. Pseudomonas aeruginosa UCBPP-PA14

Pseudomonas aeruginosa was exposed to sequential treatments with the antibiotics ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and carbenicillin. Lineages adapted to experimental treatment by evolving resistance or tolerance to antibiotics. Isolates were obtained from evolved lineages and whole-genome sequenced to determine the selected genetic changes.