Advanced Carbon Based Materials for Fabrications of Sodium Ion Hybrid Capacitors with High Electrochemical Performance (Supporting Information)

Herein, the novel sodium ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs) are successfully and facilely fabricated by utilizing the same carbon resource of magnesium citrate. Namely, the carbons which are fabricated by immediate carbonizations of magnesium citrate are used as positive electrodes, and N, S-doped carbons prepared by co-carbonizations of magnesium citrate with ammonium persulfate are determined as negative electrodes. The detailed electrochemical evaluations demonstrate that fabricated SIHCs possess tremendous Na+ storage performance. For instance, the fabricated SIHC(1//1) shows an energy density of 100.8 Wh Kg−1 at a power density of 136.8 W Kg−1, when current density was 0.1 A g−1. Furthermore, when the current density was set at 5.0 A g−1, this SIHC(1//1) also exhibits a power density of 12957.6 W Kg−1 at an energy density of 46.9 Wh Kg−1. These results reveal that SIHC(1//1) has the powerful competitiveness in high energy and power-required electricity storage applications.

本研究中，通过利用柠檬酸镁的相同碳资源，成功且简便地制备了新型钠离子混合超级电容器（SIHCs）。具体而言，通过柠檬酸镁的直接碳化制备的碳材料被用作正极材料，而通过柠檬酸镁与过硫酸铵的共碳化制备的N、S掺杂碳材料则被选定为负极材料。详尽的电化学评估表明，所制备的SIHCs展现出卓越的钠离子储存性能。例如，在功率密度为136.8 W Kg−1，电流密度为0.1 A g−1的条件下，所制备的SIHC(1//1)展现出100.8 Wh Kg−1的能量密度。此外，当电流密度设定为5.0 A g−1时，该SIHC(1//1)同样表现出12957.6 W Kg−1的功率密度和46.9 Wh Kg−1的能量密度。这些结果揭示了SIHC(1//1)在高能量和高功率需求电力储存应用领域中的强大竞争力。