MSCs ameliorate colitis through regulating T cells homeostasis in a gut microbiota-dependent manner

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global health problem in which gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a pivotal pathogenic role. The current drugs for IBD treatment are far from optimal. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has emerged as a promising novel therapeutic strategy for managing IBD, and which can also remodel the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. However, the functional significance of MSCs-induced changes in gut microbiome is poorly understood.