Quantification of surgical margin involvement and extraprostatic extension as a marker of progression of prostate adenocarcinoma

Much research has been conducted on the relationship between surgical margin (SM) involvement or extraprostatic extension (EPE) and increased postoperative PSA levels in patients prostatectomized. In order to estimate the risk of progression, SM involvement and EPE may be quantified in different ways, in addition to Gleason grading at positive margins, but so far no consensus exists regarding method.