Integration of whole transcriptome spatial profiling with protein markers

Spatial transcriptomics and proteomics provide complementary information that independently transformed our understanding of complex biological processes. However, experimental integrations of these modalities are limited. To overcome this, we developed Spatial PrOtein and Transcriptome Sequencing (SPOTS) for high-throughput simultaneous integration of spatial transcriptomics and protein profiling. Compared to unimodal measurements, SPOTS substantially improves signal resolution and cell clustering and enhances the discovery power in differential gene expression analysis across tissue regions. Multimodal spatial profiling of whole transcriptomes and extracellular proteins in mouse spleen and breast cancer.