Dataset from Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) to Optimize an Intervention to Increase COVID-19 Testing for Black and Latino/Hispanic Frontline Essential Workers

Background: This study aimed to optimize a behavioral intervention to boost COVID-19 testing rates for Black and Latino/Hispanic frontline essential workers (BLH-FEW) who were at high risk for exposure to COVID-19 during the pandemic.

Materials/Methods: The study used the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) framework to test four candidate behavioral intervention components informed by an integrated conceptual model that combined critical race theory, harm reduction, and self-determination theory. The intervention components were motivational interview counseling, text messaging grounded in behavioral economics, peer education, and access to testing (via navigation to an appointment versus a self-test kit). BLH-FEW participants who had not been tested for COVID-19 in the past six months and who were not vaccinated for COVID-19, were randomly assigned to an intervention condition, and assessed at 6- and 12-weeks post-baseline.

Outcome/Impact: This study filled a need for interventions to encourage and increase COVID-19 testing for BLH-FEW. The optimization trial was designed to yield an effective, affordable, and efficient behavioral intervention that could be rapidly scaled in community settings.