A four-epoch monthly dataset of terrestrial carbon fluxes for China

This dataset presents monthly gridded terrestrial carbon fluxes for China, derived from the process-based WRF-VPRM model. The model was calibrated against multi-site eddy covariance observations to reduce systematic biases in gross ecosystem exchange (GEE) and ecosystem respiration (RES) simulations. The dataset includes four NetCDF files corresponding to the study years: 2005.nc, 2010.nc, 2015.nc, and 2021.nc. Each file contains: 1D metadata: geographic grid coordinates (latitude/longitude) and monthly index (1–12). 2D spatial variables at 20 km resolution, available for each month of the year: GEE: gross ecosystem exchange (carbon uptake is negative) RES: ecosystem respiration (carbon release is positive) NEP: net ecosystem production (NEP = - (GEE + RES)) LU_INDEX: model-based land-use classification