HDCO

High-resolution Oasis maps are imperative for obtaining ecological and socio-economic development of arid regions. However, due to the late establishment and relatively niche nature of the oasis discipline system, there are no high-precision datasets related to oases in the world to date. To fill this gap, we conducted detailed visual interpretation of remote sensing images on Google Earth Professional or Sentinel II in summer 2020, and constructed for the first time a high-precision dataset of China's oases (abbreviation HDCO) with a resolution of 1 meter, covering 1,465 oases with an area larger than 0.01 km2. These oases collectively cover an expansive area of 275143.30 km², equivalent to approximately 8.12% of China's dryland area. The kappa coefficient for this dataset validated by the field survey was 0.8686 and the AUC value for the ROC curve was 0.935. The accuracy obtained from the validation using a random hexagonal grid is 95.73%. In addition, we added information on the geographic coordinates, climatic conditions, major landforms, and hydrological features of each oasis to the attribute table of the dataset. This dataset enables researches to quantitatively monitor location, area, and dynamic changes of oases, fosters explore the relationship between oases and human under climate change and urbanization.