The Magnetic Nano-Fe-Rg3 Delay Chemically Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis by Remodeling Intestine Microbiota and Metabolism

The ginsenoside Rg3 is pre-activated by DSS and cross-linked with the activated nanoparticles, forming the resulted Nano-Fe-Rg3, With the structural characters of core-shell structures, amorphous FeB cores and partial crystalline Fe3O4 shells, the Nano-Fe-Rg3 showed improved absorption in liver and quicker clearance from circulation. When applied on DEN-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo, benefiting from enhanced liver absorption and tumor infiltration, the nano-Fe-Rg3 nanopaticles delays diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-initiated hepatocarcinogenesis, At 8 and 10 mo, only 10% and 30% of nano-Fe-Rg3 treated mice developed HCC compared to 50% (all adenomas) and 80% (60% adenoma/20% HCC) in the wild-type (WT) mice. Radiology follow up confirmed that in contrast to control group, more nano-Fe-Rg3 nanopaticles inflitrated into hepatocytes and significantly increased the metabolism and booster intestine function, decrased tumor volume and expended the survival. In addition, the toxicity study showed high concernration of nano-Fe-Rg3 nanopaticles in hepatocytes showed no apparent toxic impact on liver and other vital organs.