Sharma_2025

Using genome-wide association (GWA) and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, we identified a major QTL on chromosome 8 containing candidate genes encoding cation/H⁺ exchangers (CHX), which are involved in ion transport and homeostasis. To validate these findings, we analyzed a mapping population derived from <i>V. acerifolia</i><i> </i>longii 9018 and the commercial rootstock GRN3, confirming the chromosome 8 locus as a major determinant of chloride exclusion. Structural variant analysis revealed key non-synonymous substitutions within CHX genes, suggesting potential functional roles in salinity tolerance. Additionally, we discovered a novel QTL on chromosome 19 enriched with G-type lectin S-receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinases, known regulators of stress signaling. By integrating extensive phenotypic and genomic data across a diverse <i>Vitis</i> collection, this study provides novel insights into the genetic architecture of chloride exclusion and identifies valuable candidate genes for breeding salt-tolerant rootstocks.