LUCAS Copernicus 2022

The Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey (LUCAS) of the European Union (EU) presents a rich resource for detailed understanding of land cover and use, making it invaluable for Earth Observation (EO) applications. This manuscript discusses the recent advancements and improvements in the LUCAS Copernicus module, particularly the data collection process of 2022, its protocol simplifications, and geometry definitions compared to the 2018 survey and data. With approximately 150,000 polygons collected in 2022, an increase from 60,000 in 2018, the LUCAS Copernicus 2022 data provides a unique and comprehensive in-situ dataset for EO applications. The protocol simplification also facilitates a faster and more efficient data collection process, resulting in a near-complete 2022 survey. In 2022, there are 137,966 polygons generated to date, out of the original 149,408 LUCAS Copernicus points, which means 92.3\% of the points were actually correctly surveyed. The data holds 82 land cover classes from the native for the Copernicus module LUCAS level 2 legend, yet this can be augmented to level 3 (88 classes) by performing a join with the LUCAS core attributes based on the point ID. For land use the data holds 40 classes, along with 18 classes of land use types.
The paper further elaborates on the implications of these enhancements and the need for continuous harmonisation to ensure semantic consistency and temporal usability of data across different periods. Moreover, it calls for additional studies exploring the potential of the collected data, especially in the context of remote sensing and computer vision. The manuscript ends with a discussion on future data usage and dissemination strategies.