Hazard ratios of lung cancer between COPD without T2DM and control subjects as well as COPD with T2DM and control subjects stratified by demographics and comorbidity.

Rate#, incidence rate of lung cancer, per 1000 person-years; &NTD: New Taiwan dollar; Crude HR*, relative hazard ratio; Adjusted HR†: multiple analysis including age, sex, urbanization, monthly income(NTD) and co-morbidities of pneumoconiosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary TB; ***model p<0.001.