Decoupling of the temporal/spatial broadening effects in Doppler wind LiDAR by 2D spectral analysis

Pulse echoes accumulation is commonly employed in coherent Doppler wind LiDAR to improve the wind retrieval accuracy. Typically, the wind speed is assumed to be constant throughout the accumulation period. However, the wind may change temporally or spatially over a short period of time, especially in the wind shear. Here, the measured spectral data is analyzed in the time and frequency dimension to achieve the optimal accumulation time. A hardware-efficient algorithm combining the interpolation and cross-correlation is used to enhance the wind retrieval accuracy by reducing the frequency sampling interval and then the spectral width calculation error. Moreover, the temporal and spatial broadening effects are decoupled according to the strategy we developed.